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Effect of consortium bioaugmentation and biostimulation on remediation efficiency and bacterial diversity of diesel-contaminated aged soil

Authors
Chaudhary, Dhiraj KumarBajagain, RishikeshJeong, Seung-WooKim, Jaisoo
Issue Date
8-Feb-2021
Publisher
SPRINGER
Keywords
Bacterial community; Community level physiological profile; Consortium bioaugmentation; Diesel degradation; Biostimulation; Nutrients; Soil amendment
Citation
WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY, v.37, no.3
Indexed
SCIE
SCOPUS
Journal Title
WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume
37
Number
3
URI
https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/49594
DOI
10.1007/s11274-021-02999-3
ISSN
0959-3993
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of consortium bioaugmentation (CB) and various biostimulation options on the remediation efficiency and bacterial diversity of diesel-contaminated aged soil. The bacterial consortium was prepared using strains D-46, D-99, D134-1, MSM-2-10-13, and Oil-4, isolated from oil-contaminated soil. The effects of CB and biostimulation were evaluated in various soil microcosms: CT (water), T1 (CB only), T2 (CB+NH4NO3 and KH2PO4, nutrients), T3 (CB+activated charcoal, AC), T4 (CB+nutrients + AC), T5 (AC+water), T6 (CB+nutrients + zero-valent iron nanoparticles, nZVI), T7 (CB+nutrients + AC+nZVI), T8 (CB+activated peroxidase, oxidant), T9 (AC+nZVI), and T10 (CB+nZVI + AC+oxidant). Preliminary evaluation of the bacterial consortium revealed 81.9% diesel degradation in liquid media. After 60 days of treatment, T6 demonstrated the highest total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) degradation (99.0%), followed by T1 (97.4%), T2 (97.9%), T4 (96.0%), T7 (96.0%), T8 (94.8%), T3 (93.6%), and T10 (86.2%). The lowest TPH degradation was found in T5 (24.2%), T9 (17.2%), and CT (11.7%). Application of CB and biostimulation to the soil microcosms decreased bacterial diversity, leading to selective enrichment of bacterial communities. T2, T6, and T10 contained Firmicutes (50.06%), Proteobacteria (64.69%), and Actinobacteria (54.36%) as the predominant phyla, respectively. The initial soil exhibited the lowest metabolic activity, which improved after treatment. The study results indicated that biostimulation alone is inadequate for remediation of contaminated soil that lacks indigenous oil degraders, suggesting the need for a holistic approach that includes both CB and biostimulation.
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