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Parasympathetic predominance is a risk factor for future depression: A prospective cohort study

Authors
An, HoyoungHan, Ji WonJeong, Hyun-GhangKim, Tae HuiLee, Jung JaeLee, Seok BumPark, Joon HyukKim, Ki Woong
Issue Date
1-1월-2020
Publisher
ELSEVIER
Keywords
Depression; Biological markers; Geriatric; Parasympathetic nervous system; Cardiovascular; Heart-rate variability
Citation
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS, v.260, pp.232 - 237
Indexed
SCIE
SSCI
SCOPUS
Journal Title
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
Volume
260
Start Page
232
End Page
237
URI
https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/58370
DOI
10.1016/j.jad.2019.09.015
ISSN
0165-0327
Abstract
Background: Changes in parasympathetic activity have been associated with depression; however, it is not well understood whether these changes are a result of depression, or represent a compensatory mechanism protecting against it. We examined the association of autonomic nervous system activity with the risk of depression in euthymic individuals and those with subsyndromal depression using heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. Methods: From a community-based longitudinal cohort, 464 subjects from the baseline assessment and 253 who completed the 5-year follow-up visit were included in the cross-sectional and prospective analyses, respectively. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association of HRV measures with the current and future GDS scores. Logistic regression analysis examined the effect of HRV on future risk of SSD. Results: Low-frequency power (LFN), high-frequency power (HFN), and the LFN/HFN ratio at the baseline assessment were associated with the GDS score at the 5-year follow-up assessment; however, they were not associated with the GDS score at the baseline assessment. High HFN indicated an increased risk of depression at the 5-year follow-up assessment in euthymic subjects (OR = 3.025, 95% CI = 1.184 - 7.726, p = 0.021). Limitations: HRV was not measured at the follow-up assessment and the interval between the assessments was comparatively long. Five-minute ECG recordings were used, and all participants were 65 years old or older. Conclusions: Parasympathetic predominance may precede the onset of depression in older adults.
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