Relationship Between the Supervisory Working Alliance and Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

This study investigated the relationships between the supervisory working alliance and supervision outcome variables using meta-analysis. The authors reviewed 27 articles, dissertations, and theses published between 1990 and 2018. The authors used the MIX program to calculate the meta-analyses. The results indicate that the supervisory working alliance is positively related to supervision outcome variables. Supervisees' perceived relationship with the supervisor was positively related to the relationship with the client. This shows that the phenomenon of isomorphism is a repeated pattern in the relationships in supervision and counseling. The authors discuss the limitations and implications.