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Oxalomalate suppresses metastatic melanoma through IDH-targeted stress response to ROS

Authors
Kim, Sung HwanKim, HyunjinLee, Jin HyupPark, Jeen-Woo
Issue Date
3-4월-2019
Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
Keywords
IDHs; melanoma; metastasis; oxalomalate; reactive oxygen species
Citation
FREE RADICAL RESEARCH, v.53, no.4, pp.418 - 429
Indexed
SCIE
SCOPUS
Journal Title
FREE RADICAL RESEARCH
Volume
53
Number
4
Start Page
418
End Page
429
URI
https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/66055
DOI
10.1080/10715762.2019.1597974
ISSN
1071-5762
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer due to a high propensity for metastasis, with a 10-year survival rate of less than 10%. The devastating clinical outcome and lack of effective preventative therapeutics for metastatic melanoma necessitate the development of new therapeutic strategies targeted to inhibit the regulatory circuits underlying the progression and metastasis of melanoma. Melanoma metastasis requires migration and invasion of the malignant tumour cells driven by proteolytic remodelling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) executed by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), particularly MMP-2 and MMP-9. Inhibiting components of these circuits defines new therapeutic opportunities for melanoma with metastatic malignancy. Oxalomalate (OMA) is a competitive inhibitor of NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), which plays an important role in cellular signalling pathways regulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we investigated the therapeutic role of OMA in metastatic melanoma and the associated underlying mechanism of action. We report that OMA-mediated inhibition of IDH enzymes suppresses metastatic melanoma through inhibition of invasive cell migration based on MMP-9-mediated proteolytic remodelling of the ECM. In particular, our study provides the mechanistic foundation that OMA reduces the expression and secretion of MMP-9 through LKB1-mediated PEA3 degradation via the ROS-dependent ATM-Chk2-p53 signalling axis, resulting from inhibition of IDH enzymes. These results provide evidence that OMA targeting of the stress response to ROS by IDH inhibition is a promising therapy for the treatment of metastatic melanoma.
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