에두아도 소우토 디 모우라의 주거 프로젝트에서 나타난 본질적 공간적 특성

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) The Pritzker Prize winner of 2011, Eduardo Souto de Moura is an architect who has been practising since 1980, based in Portugal. Although his work had been overshadowed by Alvaro Siza during the earlier part of his career, Souto de Moura has shown an interesting development particularly since around 2000. This study aims to identify and analyze the recurring characteristics found in Souto de Moura’s residential projects from the late 1990s. The powerful architectural language of Souto de Moura will be illustrated through the discussion of the relationship with the site and the spatial effect. (Method) Based on the definition of Eduardo Souto de Moura’s architectural philosophy in Chapter 2, Chapter 3 will illustrate an overview of Souto de Moura’s residential projects from 1985 to 2014. From the general overview, some recurring yet significant characteristics were found which were further analyzed through six case projects in Chapter 4. Six projects were selected as cases to illustrate the three types of site applications and their consequent effect of light. The following chapter is a short summary of the intrinsic characteristics that were found in the analysis. (Results) The most significant architectural characteristic found in Souto de Moura’s residential projects is the ‘three blank walls with one open front’. In terms of the programmatic arrangement, there is a strict order and any one given room rarely has more than one open front. As the rooms are arranged in a row, the light is introduced from one side and gradually darker on the opposite end. In the case of the house within a ‘boundary wall’, the light is refracted and amplified by the whiteness of the walls which make the interior dimmer and subdued than other house types. (Conclusions) Through the analysis of a variety of Souto de Moura’s residential projects, some intrinsic characteristics were found. Firstly, the most apparent is the ‘three blank wall with one open front’ composition with the living space arranged in a row along the open front. Secondly, the result of how the house sits on the site in connection with the enclosure produced by the architectural composition provides a unique spatial atmosphere, enhanced by the effect of light in his houses. The study has identified the intrinsic spatial characteristics in Souto de Moura’s residential projects and the meaning of these characteristics. Souto de Moura seems to repeatedly use these design characteristics not only as a signatory gesture but also as a continuous exploration into the fundamentals of architecture.