Efficient and thermally stable inverted perovskite solar cells by introduction of non-fullerene electron transporting materials

Abstract

Highly efficient and thermally stable inverted CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI(3)) and HC(NH2)(2)PbI3-xBrx (FAPbI(3-x)Br(x)) perovskite planar solar cells are demonstrated by using a N, N '-bis(phenylmethyl) naphthalene1,4,5,8- tetracarboxylic diimide (NDI-PM)-based electron transporting material (ETM) instead of a conventional fullerene-based phenyl-C-61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) ETM. The MAPbI(3) and FAPbI(3-x)Br(x) devices with the NDI-PM-based ETM exhibit 18.4% and 19.6% power conversion efficiency under an illumination of 1 Sun (100 mW cm(-2)), respectively, which are comparable to the efficiency of PCBM ETM-based ones (18.9% and 20.0%). The improved thermal stability of NDI-based perovskite solar cells is attributed to much stronger hydrogen bonds in the NDI-PM molecular crystals than the PCBM crystals.