Rapid direct deposition of TiH2 paste for porous Ti scaffolds with tailored porous structures and mechanical properties

Abstract

We herein demonstrate the utility of the rapid direct deposition of a titanium hydride (TiH2) paste for the production of porous titanium (Ti) scaffolds with tailored porous structures and mechanical properties. In particular, methylcellulous (MC) polymer was used as the binder, since it can rapidly solidify in acetone through solvent extraction, thus enabling deposited green filaments to have high structural integrity. In addition, TiH2 powder was used as the Ti source because of its smaller particle size than commercial Ti powder and conversion to Ti metal through a two-step dehydrogenation process. The uses of fine TiH2 powder and MC binder allowed for the creation of three-dimensionally interconnected periodic macrochannels with sizes of similar to 165 +/- 14 x 167 +/- 25 mu m. The produced Ti scaffold had a porosity of similar to 42 +/- 7 vol % and a reasonably high compressive strength of 48 +/- 15 MPa. In addition, the porosity and mechanical properties of porous Ti scaffolds could be tailored simply by adjusting the initial distances between deposited green TiH2/MC filaments. All of the porous Ti scaffolds produced with various porosities showed good in vitro biocompatibility. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.