The Pepper Calmodulin Gene CaCaM1 Is Involved in Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide Generation Required for Cell Death and the Defense Response
- Authors
- Choi, Hyong Woo; Lee, Dong Hyuk; Hwang, Byung Kook
- Issue Date
- 11월-2009
- Publisher
- AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
- Citation
- MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS, v.22, no.11, pp.1389 - 1400
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
- Volume
- 22
- Number
- 11
- Start Page
- 1389
- End Page
- 1400
- URI
- https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/119032
- DOI
- 10.1094/MPMI-22-11-1389
- ISSN
- 0894-0282
- Abstract
- Calcium signaling has emerged as an important signal transduction pathway of higher plants in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Ca2+-bound calmodulin (CaM) plays a critical role in decoding and transducing stress signals by activating specific targets. Here, we isolated and functionally characterized the pathogen-responsive CaM gene, Capsicum annuum calmodulin I (CaCaM1), from pepper (C. annuum) plants. The cellular function of CaCaM1 was verified by Agrobacterium spp.-mediated transient expression in pepper and transgenic overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Agrobacterium spp.-mediated transient expression of CaCaM1 activated reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) generation, and hypersensitive response (HR)-like cell death in pepper leaves, ultimately leading to local acquired resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria. CaCaM1-overexpression (OX) Arabidopsis exhibited enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas syringae and Hyaloperonospora parasitica, which was accompanied by enhanced ROS and NO generation and HR-like cell death. Treatment with the calcium-channel blocker suppressed the oxidative and NO bursts and HR-like cell death that were triggered by CaCaM1 expression in pepper and Arabidopsis, suggesting that calcium influx is required for the activation of CaCaM1-mediated defense responses in plants. Upon treatment with the CaM antagonist, virulent P syringae pv. tomato-induced NO generation was also compromised in CaCaM1-OX leaves. Together, these results suggest that the CaCaM1 gene functions in ROS and NO generation are essential for cell death and defense responses in plants.
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Collections - College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology > Division of Biotechnology > 1. Journal Articles
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