Fermentation of Korean Red Ginseng by Lactobacillus plantarum M-2 and Its Immunological Activities
- Authors
- Kim, Bong-Gwan; Shin, Kwang-Soon; Yoon, Taek Joon; Yu, Kwang-Won; Ra, Kyung Soo; Kim, Jin Man; Kim, Sun Young; Suh, Hyung Joo
- Issue Date
- 11월-2011
- Publisher
- HUMANA PRESS INC
- Keywords
- Korean red ginseng; Fermentation; Lactobacillus plantarum; Immunological activity
- Citation
- APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, v.165, no.5-6, pp.1107 - 1119
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Volume
- 165
- Number
- 5-6
- Start Page
- 1107
- End Page
- 1119
- URI
- https://scholar.korea.ac.kr/handle/2021.sw.korea/111179
- DOI
- 10.1007/s12010-011-9328-6
- ISSN
- 0273-2289
- Abstract
- We investigated ginsenoside transformation by fermentation of red ginseng with Lactobacillus plantarum M-2. We also examined the anti-metastasis and immune-stimulating activities of EtOH extracts of fermented red ginseng (FRG-E) in animal and human subjects. Total sugar decreased from 85.5 mg mL(-1) to 44.1 mg mL(-1) with increasing culture time during the fermentation with L. plantarum M-2. Uronic acid content reached a maximum level (534.3 mu g mL(-1)) at 3 days of fermentation and decreased thereafter. Ginsenoside metabolites increased from 4,637.0 to 7,581.1 mu g mL(-1) after 4 days. The prophylactic intraperitoneal injection of FRG-E (500 mu g mouse(-1)) inhibited lung metastasis about 81.1%, while the inhibitory effect against tumor metastasis by treatment of EtOH extract from non-fermented red ginseng (NFRG-E) was 66.9%. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and G (IgG) levels in the serum of healthy subjects were higher after FRG-E administration than at baseline, whereas NFRG-E induced reductions of these variables related to immunity. At 1 week, the change in IgA level by FRG-E (5.14 mg mL(-1)) was significantly higher than that by NFRG-E (-14.50 mg mL(-1); p < 0.05). It was concluded that the immunological activities of FRG-E were higher than those of NFRG-E, indicating that fermentation helped enhance the immunological activities of red ginseng.
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Collections - College of Health Sciences > School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences > 1. Journal Articles
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